Why the Virgin Mary is called Queen of Heaven

The title Queen of Heaven comes from early Christian devotion to Mary as the Mother of God, or Theotokos. The Council of Ephesus established the theological foundations for this devotion in 431, which later led to the use of the title to signify her preeminence.

This devotion resulted in many Latin antiphons dedicated to Mary, such as the Alma Redemptoris Mater, Ave Regina, and Salve Regina. The specific use of the antiphon Regina Caeli dates to the 13th century, though some traditions suggest older origins.